Young people not in education, employment or training (NEET)

NEET levels reflect structural failures, not a lack of motivation among young people. 

Context

In November 2025, the government appointed Alan Milburn to lead a review into the rising number of young people not in education, employment or training (NEET). The NEU welcomes this commitment and emphasises that increasing NEET levels reflect structural failures, not a lack of motivation among young people. Tackling this means addressing the root causes of disengagement, including persistent absence, an overloaded curriculum and narrow assessment system, and long-term underinvestment.

Key facts

  • NEET levels approached one million in 2025, highlighting systemic failings across health, education and social support.
  • Any effective strategy must address why young people disengage from learning. Persistent absence, unmet needs and limited specialist support play a significant role.
  • The curriculum is narrow and overloaded, driving disengagement and leaving students underprepared for life and work.
  • High-stakes, single-mode assessments disadvantage many learners and fail to recognise essential skills.
  • Disadvantaged groups, including Black students, learners with SEND and those facing poverty, are disproportionately affected.
  • Chronic underinvestment has left schools running on empty, hindering young people’s participation in education, employment and training.

Key statistics

Campaign asks

  • Restore education investment to at least 5% of GDP.
  • Deliver a broad, diverse, inclusive curriculum with multi-modal assessment.
  • End mandatory GCSE resits in maths and English.
  • Protect funding for high-quality applied general qualifications and phase the introduction of V-levels.
  • Guarantee fully funded specialist careers guidance in all settings and invest in training for inclusive workplaces.
  • Build reform with educators, ensuring solutions meet local needs.

References

• NEU call for evidence submission

Assessment campaign

We need reform of our assessment and exams systems to make them fit for the future.

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